Glyphosate

Substance

Glyphosate
Common name or Trade name

年年春, 農達, 好過春, 家家春, 治草春, 日產春, 好伯春

 

 

Involving system and Presentation

 

-          Mucosa damage. Pain in throat. (Glyphosate pH=4.8). nausea/ vomiting.

-          Lung edema. Dyspnea, GI bleeding.

-          Acute lung injury (ALI) including acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). [1]

-          liver injury. [1]

-          Organ damage by products containing glyphosate isopropylamine or ammonium salts, and polyoxyethyleneamine (POEA) as a surfactant. [1, 2]

-          Hyperkalemia. [1]

-          Arrhythmia. [1]

-          Cardiac arrest. [1]

Antidote and Treatment

-          Supportive

-          continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration / Hemoperfusion.[3, 4]

-          ECMO. [5]

 

Disposition and Outcome

-          Independent risk factors for 30-day mortality: elevated lactate, age >59 years, corrected QT interval >495 ms and potassium >5.5 mmol/L. [6]

-          fatality rate: 12.5%. [6]

 

References

 

[1] Kamijo Y, Takai M, Sakamoto T. A multicenter retrospective survey of poisoning after ingestion of herbicides containing glyphosate potassium salt or other glyphosate salts in Japan. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2016;54(2):147–151. doi:10.3109/15563650.2015.1121271.

[2]. 2019 International Conference for Poison Control and Research Development. 2019; Nov 15—17, p.265

[3] Ozaki T, Sofue T, Kuroda Y. Severe Glyphosate-Surfactant Intoxication Successfully Treated With Continuous Hemodiafiltration and Direct Hemoperfusion: Case Report. Ther Apher Dial. 2017;21(3):296–297. doi:10.1111/1744-9987.12565

[4]. Knežević V, Božić D, Budošan I, Čelić D, Milošević A, Mitić I. Srp Arh Celok Lek. 2012;140(9-10):648–652. doi:10.2298/sarh1210648k

[5]. Wang D, Zhang G, Zhang W, Luo J, Zhu L, Hu J. Successful extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support for severe acute diquat and glyphosate poisoning: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(6):e14414. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000014414

[6] Kim YH, Lee JH, Cho KW, et al. Prognostic Factors in Emergency Department Patients with Glyphosate Surfactant Intoxication: Point-of-Care Lactate Testing. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 2016;119(6):604–610. doi:10.1111/bcpt.12624

 

--20^th, March, 2020  Yu-Jang Su