MMH ED Poison Center: Drug Overdose

2022年4月21日星期四

Drug Overdose

Finding	Substance	Country	Reference
Top three types of substances were benzodiazepine (42.9%), mixed medications (32.1%), and acetaminophen (6.1%). Mean age: 39.2±18.3 years old Male intentional overdose patients were 8.1 years older than their female counterparts (45.3±19.5 vs. 37.2±17.5, respectively; P<0.05). Most intentional overdose cases occurred during the spring season (n=63, 32.1%), especially in male patients (n=28, 57.1%; P<0.001). Approximately 11.2% and 2% of the total patients were admitted to the Toxicology ward and intensive care units, respectively.	Overdose	Taiwan	[1]2022
Mean age of the cases was 23.1 +/- 7.3 years 84.1% of them were females. The risk factors were more significantly associated with males: chronic ethanol intake (p = 0.04), higher reported dose ingested (p = 0.01), higher latency time (p = 0.04) and longer hospital stay (p = 0.03).	Acetaminophen	Malaysia	[2]2010
Majority of cases were men (78%) Mean age was 37 years. (90%) were polydrug intoxications. Heroin was implicated in 67%. Residential address was the most common place of death (67%). Women were 4 years older.	Drug-induced death	Norway	[3]2013
Suicide attempts occurred more frequently between May and November, and on Tuesdays.	overdose	Hong Kong	[4]2013
The mortality rate for overdose was 16.6 per 1000 PY for males and 13.74 per 1000 PY for females. In the multivariate regression analysis, the time from first ED overdose access (less than 1 year risk ratio [RR]: 7.07, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.32-9.39) was significantly associated with death by overdose. Males, subjects aged >30 years at presentation, patients who refused ED treatment, and those having previously contacted mental health services showed an increased mortality risk due to overdose.	overdose	Italy	[5]2016
Female sex (odds ratio [OR], 2.41); comorbid renal disease (OR, 4.22); untreated sleep apnea (OR, 32.32); receipt of long-acting oxycodone (OR, 4.76); and as-needed use of hydromorphone (OR, 2.73) were significant predictors of oversedation.	Overdose	United States	[6]2018