Substance
PFAS（Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances）[1].
一大類人工合成含氟有機化合物，具高度化學穩定性與生物累積性
常見代表：PFOA（Perfluorooctanoic acid）,PFOS（Perfluorooctane sulfonate）[1]
Common Name（常見名稱）
全氟／多氟烷基物質
永久化學物（Forever chemicals）
防水、防油、防污塗層化學品 [2]
列管物質：台灣已將 PFOA、PFOS、LPOS、POSF、PFHxS 等列為毒性或關注化學物質，有條件開放用途，如半導體、特定紡織品、滅火器等。
廣泛存在：市面上仍有許多未列管的PFAS種類流通，用於食品包裝、紡織品、化妝品、工業用途等，因其防水、防油特性。
台灣市售的許多隱形眼鏡都可能含有PFAS（全氟/多氟烷基物質）這類有機氟化物，主要用於提升鏡片光滑度、防止蛋白附著; 雖然專家認為從眼球進入體內的機會不大且致癌性未定，台灣消費者不必過度恐慌，但應關注,並追蹤 國際研究及美國 FDA 等單位對安全性的認定
Involving System（影響系統）
Multisystem,
predominantly chronic effects
Liver:
Elevated liver enzymes and hepatic steatosis [1]
Endocrine/Metabolic:
Thyroid dysfunction and dyslipidemia [3] [4]
Immune
system: Reduced vaccine antibody responses and immunosuppression [5]
Reproductive
and developmental: Infertility, low birth weight, and developmental delay
increased FSH and decreased AMH, estradiol,
and progesterone. [6]
Kidneys:
Increased risk of chronic kidney disease [7].
Cardiovascular:
Hypercholesterolemia and increased risk of atherosclerosis [4]
Presentation（臨床表現）
Acute exposure:
Mostly no obvious acute symptoms
Chronic exposure (common):
Asymptomatic with laboratory abnormalities:
ALT / AST ↑ [1]
Long-term epidemiological associations:
Metabolic syndrome
[8]
Chronic kidney disease (CKD)[8]
Impaired immune function [5]
Antidote（解毒劑）
No specific antidote
Management principles:
Cessation of exposure (most important)
Supportive care
Investigational strategies (non-standard
treatments):
Cholestyramine / bile acid sequestrants:
may enhance elimination via interruption of Cholestyramine treatment led to a 23.1-fold increase in serum-adjusted fecal PFOS
excretion. [9], 1 week 1 pack qd-bid ac
Over a 12-week period, colesevelam
intervention reduced serum PFOS levels by an
average of 38%, significantly outperforming the 2% decline observed
in the control group [9]
Hemodialysis: does not work (largely
ineffective for PFAS due to high protein binding)
Disposition（處置與去向）
o
Asymptomatic or mildly
symptomatic → outpatient follow-up
o Routine hospitalization or gastric lavage is not required
Outpatient care / follow-up:
o
For individuals with
occupational or environmental exposure:
§ Regular monitoring of:
§ Liver function
§ Lipid profile
§ Thyroid function
§ Renal function
o
Notify environmental or
occupational medicine authorities (e.g., in cases of clustered exposure)
References
[1]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41543329/
[2]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41181096/
[3]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41391234/
[4]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41428216/
[5]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41456666/
[6]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41465861/
[7]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41440749/
[8]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40609416/
[9]. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40974835/
Edited by Yu-Jang Su Jan 17, 2026
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